Barney Frank, the former United States congressman who became one of the most influential gay politicians in American history, has died at the age of 86. British equality campaigners led tributes to a man described as a pioneer in the fight for LGBT rights.
Frank, a Democrat who represented Massachusetts in the House of Representatives from 1981 to 2013, came out as gay in 1987, becoming one of the first members of Congress to do so voluntarily. His disclosure came at a time when homosexuality was still widely stigmatised, and his decision was seen as a watershed moment for the country's gay rights movement.
In Britain, Peter Tatchell, the veteran human rights campaigner, said Frank "showed immense courage" at a time when few politicians dared to be open about their sexuality. "He paved the way for so many others, not just in America but across the world," Tatchell said. Stonewall, the British LGBT charity, also paid tribute, calling Frank "a giant of equality whose legacy will endure."
Frank's career was defined by his sharp intellect and combative style. He was a key architect of the Dodd-Frank financial reform legislation, passed in the wake of the 2008 global financial crisis, which tightened regulation of Wall Street. The law, formally known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, was one of the most significant pieces of financial legislation since the Great Depression.
His personal life also broke barriers. In 2012, he became the first sitting member of Congress to enter into a same-sex marriage, marrying his long-term partner, Jim Ready. The event was seen as a powerful symbol of how far gay rights had advanced in the United States.
Frank's death has prompted an outpouring of tributes from across the political spectrum. President Joe Biden described him as "a fierce advocate for the American people" and "a dear friend". Former President Barack Obama said Frank "never stopped fighting for what was right".
In a statement, Frank's family confirmed he died peacefully at his home in Massachusetts, surrounded by loved ones. No cause of death was given.
For British equality campaigners, Frank's passing marks the end of an era. His role in normalising gay politicians in public life was seen as instrumental in the eventual passage of same-sex marriage in the United States and other countries. As one tribute put it, "He didn't just live through history. He made it."
